What is the optimal capital structure aimed at maximizing?

The optimal capital structure is primarily aimed at maximizing a company's stock's intrinsic value. This concept involves finding the right balance between debt and equity financing that minimizes the overall cost of capital while maximizing shareholder wealth. When a company's capital structure is optimized, it can lower the risks associated with its operations and financing while ensuring that its investments generate returns that exceed the cost of capital.

This focus on maximizing intrinsic value is crucial, as it addresses long-term sustainability and growth, which are key components of a successful firm. Additionally, a higher intrinsic value typically leads to a higher market valuation, benefiting existing shareholders and attracting new investors.

Other options, while relevant to different financial strategies, do not capture the primary goal of an optimal capital structure. Debt repayment focuses solely on managing liabilities rather than maximizing value. Short-term gains may be appealing but do not reflect sustainable financial health. The number of shareholders is more related to market interest in the firm rather than representing the fundamental objective of capital structure decisions. Thus, maximizing the intrinsic value of a stock reflects the comprehensive aim of capital structure optimization.